Sooner or later, fine furrows and skin folds - wrinkles - appear on the face of every woman. They can have different depths, but modern cosmetology techniques can make them less visible and even remove them completely. Moreover, thanks to the proper care of the skin of the face, you can delay their appearance for years.
Let's look at the types of wrinkles and the causes of their appearance, as well as ways to eliminate them and methods of prevention.
Types of wrinkles on the face
By locationcosmetologists identify wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and around the eyes, which are called "crow's feet".
In addition, there are nasolabial folds, marionette lines that run from the corners of the lips down toward the chin, and small bag lines that appear above the upper lip.
In terms of depth, wrinkles are superficial, medium-deep and deep.
- Surface wrinklesaffect the upper layer of the skin - epidermis. As a rule, they are small, there can be many of them and they can occupy a large area. Such wrinkles, which form a network of cracks, are most often created due to dry skin.
- Medium deep wrinklesappear when surface wrinkles develop and deepen into the middle layer of the skin - the dermis. This is mainly due to the fact that special cells called fibroblasts begin to synthesize less collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid.
- Deep wrinklesthey are mainly formed in the areas of natural folds of the skin. Their development is associated with processes within the skin and subcutaneous fat, muscle hypertonicity, facial structural features and even genetic predisposition.
Tactics for preventing and fighting wrinkles depend on the causes of their appearance, so more attention should be paid to them.
Main reasons for presentation
There are several main factors that contribute to the appearance of deep pits or fine wrinkles on our skin.
Natural aging
As a rule, after 40 years, age-related wrinkles begin to appear on the face. In response to the decrease in the production of female sex hormones, the production of collagen decreases, the rate of cell renewal decreases and the skin loses moisture and elasticity.
In addition, gravitational ptosis can occur with age. When the soft tissues of the face weaken and have lost their elasticity, it becomes difficult to resist the force of gravity, so the oval of the face is deformed, the skin begins to sag, fold and deep wrinkles are created.
Active facial expressions
Due to active facial expressions, by the age of 20 you may have pronounced wrinkles. The thing is, our facial muscles are attached to the skin and it moves when the muscles contract and stretch. If the facial muscle contracts regularly, over time the skin in the area of its activity stops straightening and a surface wrinkle is created, which can later turn into a deep one.
Habits that we often do not notice in ourselves, such as frowning, raising or furrowing the eyebrows, squinting and laughing, lead to the formation of wrinkles.
Photo-aging
Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin leads to cell damage and so-called photoaging. UVA rays disrupt the processes occurring in the epidermis and also destroy collagen and elastin in the dermis. As a result, the facial skin becomes weak, dehydrated and wrinkled.
Improper care
The appearance of wrinkles is often associated with dehydration of the skin and disruption of the exfoliation process of the horny cells of the epidermis. Therefore, skin care, including regular cleansing, nutrition and hydration, is extremely important.
If you don't follow these steps or use the wrong cosmetics, you can prematurely age your face and cause wrinkles to appear.
In addition, genetic predisposition and dry skin type can be to blame for the early appearance of visible wrinkles.
Aggravating factors
In addition to the main reasons, there are some additional factors that lead to the formation and deepening of wrinkles.
Health problems
Problems with the teeth and jaws can contribute to the appearance of wrinkles on the skin of the face. Some wrinkles, such as nasolabial folds and nasolacrimal furrows, become more pronounced due to swelling and fluid stagnation in the tissues.
Deterioration of skin quality and the appearance of sagging and wrinkles can be a manifestation of diseases of internal organs, such as endocrine glands, liver, kidneys or lungs.
Stress
Constant stress can also lead to wrinkles. During severe emotional stress, increased production of cortisol occurs, which slows down the production of collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts. As a result, the facial skin loses turgor, that is, the ability to return to its original state after compression and forms wrinkles.
When stress, skin blood vessels spasm and facial muscles strain. All this gradually leads to the appearance of wrinkles.
Bad habits
Every bad habit affects the beauty of our face.
Passive lifestyleit worsens the vascular tone and lymphatic drainage, causing the skin to become less elastic and prone to the formation of wrinkles.
Late sleep and persistent lack of sleeplead to dehydration of the skin and interrupt the precious time that the body uses to restore the epidermis. The fewer hours of sleep per day now, the more wrinkles there will be on your face in a few years.
Poor nutritionit ages the skin. Strict diets, especially with insufficient amounts of protein, lead to the fact that the skin has nowhere to get material to build tissue. And the abundance of carbohydrates in the diet, including sweets, provokes the "sugaring" of collagen fibers, which is why they become fragile and lose their elasticity. All this leads to early aging and the formation of wrinkles.
smoking- one of the main bad habits that affects the appearance of the face. Tobacco smoke contains many harmful compounds that lead to skin diseases, dehydration, loss of antioxidants in the skin and poor blood flow. Smokers have a much higher risk of developing deep wrinkles than non-smokers.
Wrinkles often appear due to a combination of several reasons.
Methods for treating wrinkles
There are many techniques to smooth out wrinkles and make your skin firm, fresh and radiant again.
Facial massage
Thanks to a good manual and hardware massage, you can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, saturate tissues with oxygen, stimulate regenerative processes in the skin and remove swelling.
In addition, manual massage allows you to relax the deep muscles, return them to their previous length and position and therefore correct facial wrinkles.
A course of procedures gives a pronounced effect, but even after one session, wrinkles become less visible and the face looks fresher and younger.
Despite the apparent harmlessness of massage, this method of correcting wrinkles has contraindications. It is impossible to stimulate blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in case of oncology, blood diseases and enlarged lymph nodes for any reason. Also, massage is contraindicated for neuralgia and skin problems: exacerbation of herpes, purulent inflammation and allergies.
People prone to allergic reactions should not use essential oils when massaging their faces.
Acid peels
Superficial and medium peeling, which are performed using cosmetics containing acids, are effective in the fight against wrinkles.
Superficial peelinghelps to exfoliate the upper keratinized cells of the facial skin, accelerate the process of renewal of the epidermis, equalize the structure and color of the skin and eliminate small surface wrinkles. As a rule, salicylic, lactic or glycolic acid or a mixture of lactic and salicylic acid is used for this procedure.
Medium peelingpenetrates deeper into the dermis, stimulating the active synthesis of collagen and hyaluronic acid, skin renewal and smoothing or reducing medium-deep wrinkles. It causes peeling and crusting, requires a recovery period and the use of special care products, but has a more pronounced effect. To remove wrinkles, after acne and other skin problems with its help, glycolic acid, trichloroacetic acid or yellow peel is most often used.
However, without knowing how to apply the peel correctly, you can cause dermatitis even with a product with a mild acid content. Therefore, it is better to contact a cosmetologist for the procedure.
Botulinum therapy
To eliminate crow's feet, facial wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and in other areas, injections of drugs based on botulinum toxins are actively used. It temporarily immobilizes the muscle that forms wrinkles, its fibers relax, regain their previous length, and the skin fold is also straightened.
The effect lasts six months, after which the procedure must be repeated.
Botox itself is not dangerous and does not cause intoxication, since microscopic doses of the neurotoxin are used to correct wrinkles. But the correction of wrinkles should be carried out only by a professional - a cosmetologist who knows the structure of the face well, since complications are possible if the medicine is administered incorrectly.
Among the most unpleasant side effects are ptosis of the eyelids, drooping of the eyebrows and impaired mobility of the lips.
Plasmolifting
With the help of plasma injections with a high content of platelets, taken from your own blood, you can stimulate skin regeneration processes and eliminate wrinkles.
Platelets contain growth factors that activate the production of collagen and elastin by fibroblasts. Thanks to them, plasma lifting restores firmness and elasticity of the skin, helps eliminate expression lines and age-related wrinkles, provides a lifting effect and improves complexion.
The same technique is used to stimulate hair growth on the head.
Plasmolifting is safe, as the patient's own cells are used as medicine. .
But such anti-wrinkle injections, like any cosmetic procedure, have contraindications. These are bleeding disorders, taking antithrombotic drugs, oncology with metastases and purulent inflammatory skin diseases.
Mesotherapy
Mesotherapy is effective for correcting wrinkles and preventing aging - introducing microinjections of hyaluronic acid, vitamins, amino acids and other useful substances in the desired area, selected by a cosmetologist depending on the needs of the facial skin.
In addition to the components of the drug, microtrauma caused by a thin needle has an effect. They stimulate the processes of skin regeneration and the production of collagen and elastin.
Mesotherapy is good for moisturizing dry skin and fighting the first signs of aging, including superficial wrinkles.
There is a short recovery period: the bumps that remain on the skin after the injections disappear after a few days.
The result of the course of procedures - reducing the depth of wrinkles - lasts for a year and a half.
But, in addition to traditional contraindications, mesotherapy is not suitable for those suffering from severe kidney disease. And it is important to remember that there is a risk of an allergic reaction to the drug.
Smas lifting
SMAS lifting, the effect of which is comparable to plastic surgery for lifting, helps to eliminate superficial and medium-deep wrinkles, makes nasolabial folds less pronounced and improves the shape of the face.
The device for this procedure emits ultrasound, which penetrates deep into the skin to the muscle layer and stimulates the production of collagen and elastin.
The cosmetologist specifically treats areas of the face with wrinkles for 30-90 minutes. In this case, the patient feels warmth, tingling and tightening of the skin.
The most pronounced effect, including the correction of facial wrinkles, is achieved approximately six months after the procedure and lasts more than a year. In this case, only one session every few years is enough.
Plastic outline
Another option for correcting wrinkles is contour plastic surgery. During the procedure, a filler is injected under age and expressive wrinkles - a biodegradable hyaluronic acid gel or a person's adipose tissue. The injection fills the void, softens the skin and gives the face a more youthful appearance.
The same technique is used to restore the harmonious proportions of the face, including the contours and volume of the lips.
The effect of non-surgical contouring lasts up to two years.
But this is a very serious procedure for eliminating wrinkles, which should be performed only by a professional doctor and only with certified drugs. Poor-quality filler, wrongly chosen density or inappropriate injection under a wrinkle can lead to the opposite effect - the appearance of unevenness and even tissue fibrosis or disruption of facial expression.
Fractional photothermolysis
Fractional photothermolysis can be used to eliminate wrinkles of any depth and restore skin elasticity. The procedure uses a fractional laser. Its beam, broken into small bundles, penetrates deep into the skin and damages it at points, stimulating regeneration processes and activating collagen production.
Due to the fact that the laser works in a certain step and does not process the entire tissue, the recovery is very fast.After the procedure, red dots appear briefly on the face, but no serious heat burns occur.
After just one session, a pronounced rejuvenating effect and the disappearance or reduction of wrinkles is noticeable.
The procedure is moderately painful and there is a recovery period.
Laser peeling
In addition to fractional, that is, targeted photothermolysis, general laser peeling is used to fight wrinkles, during which the entire face is treated equally. It removes dead cells layer by layer by vaporizing tissue areas and the depth of impact can be superficial or medium.
The effect of the anti-wrinkle procedure is similar to acid peeling, with the difference that instead of acid, a laser is used for exfoliation.
A few laser resurfacing sessions can soften fine lines and reduce deep aging and expression wrinkles.
But after medium laser peeling there is more damage than after partial exposure, so a longer recovery period is required.
To choose the optimal procedure to fight wrinkles, it is best to consult a cosmetologist. He will assess the condition of the skin of the face and the general condition of the body, indications and contraindications for the use of various cosmetic methods against wrinkles and will recommend the most effective and safest method.
Preventing wrinkles: advice from a cosmetologist
The formation and deepening of wrinkles can be prevented by taking proper care of your skin and replacing some bad habits with healthy ones.
Care that will keep your skin youthful
Care that includes high-quality cleansing, moisturizing, nourishing the skin and protecting the face from ultraviolet radiation will help delay the appearance of wrinkles.
To exfoliate old cells, cosmetologists recommend using acids.
Cosmetic products with hyaluronic acid are especially good for skin hydration and preventing wrinkles.
To stimulate collagen production and preserve its fibers, you should pay attention to cosmetics with retinol, peptides and antioxidants.
In addition to basic care - creams that protect the skin of the face during the day and restore it at night, you can also use serums with a concentrate of useful substances to prevent wrinkles.
Instead of choosing cosmetics by trial and error, it is better to make an appointment with a cosmetologist. He will write the optimal care program for you, choosing products that suit your skin's needs.
Habits that will help delay the appearance of wrinkles
Some other recommendations will help slow down the formation of wrinkles.
- Dream. To regenerate the skin of the face, it is useful to sleep at least 7 hours a day.
- water. To activate the metabolic processes of the skin, you need to drink enough water - about 2 liters per day.
- Nutrition. Building healthy, firm, wrinkle-free skin requires a balanced diet high in protein, fatty acids, and vegetables. At the same time, it is important to limit flour and sweets.
- Training.For good blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in the facial area, you need to move. Not only any sports activity is suitable, but also walking in the fresh air.
- Relaxation. To prevent wrinkles, it is important to learn to relax the facial muscles. Both visits to a massage parlor or self-massage, as well as psychological practices will help with this.
- Quiet. To prevent premature aging of the skin and the appearance of wrinkles, it is advisable to learn how to cope with stress and let it be as little as possible in your life.
Proper care and lifestyle changes will improve the health and appearance of your facial skin, as well as reduce the number of wrinkles that will appear in the future.
Trust experienced cosmetologists, take care of your appearance, register for cosmetic procedures in professional centers with qualified doctors.